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Most of these shortcuts also work for Windows 95 and Windows ME.
In the listings below, when a key(s) is shown before a slash and a key following the slash, hold down the key(s) before the slash while you press and let go of the key following the slash.
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F10 = Activates the Menu Bar in Windows programs.
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Alt/Underlined letter in a program menu = Carries out the corresponding command in the menu.
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Ctrl/F4 = Closes the current window when multiple documents are displayed.
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Alt/F4 = Closes the current window or quits a program.
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Ctrl/C = Copies the selected content to the Clipboard.
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Ctrl/X = Cuts the selected content to the Clipboard.
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Ctrl/V = Pastes the Clipboard contents at the insertion point.
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Delete = Deletes a character to the right OR deletes selected object or text.
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F1 = Displays Help on the selected dialog box item.
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Alt/Spacebar = Displays the current Windows system menu.
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Shift/F10 = Displays the shortcut menu for the selected item.
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Ctrl/Esc = Displays the Start menu.
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Alt/Hyphen (-) = Displays the system menu for multiple display interface (MDI) programs (multiple programs on display).
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Alt/Tab (once) = Switch to window you last used OR switch to another window by holding down Alt while repeatedly pressing Tab.
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Ctrl/Z = Undo the last action.
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Shift (while inserting a CD - ROM) = Bypasses AutoPlay when inserting a compact disc.
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Ctrl (while dragging a file) = Copies the file to the new location (instead of moving it).
- Ctrl+Shift (while dragging a file) = Creates a shortcut at the new location.
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Shift/Delete = Deletes a file immediately without placing it in the Recycle Bin.
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F3 = Displays the Find: All Files dialog box.
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Application Key (the key between the right Ctrl and right Windows Logo keys) = Displays the selected item's shortcut menu.
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F5 = Refreshes the contents of a window.
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F2 = Rename an item.
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Ctrl/A = Selects all items.
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Alt/Enter or Alt/Double - Click = View an item's properties.
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Shift (while clicking the Close button) = Closes the selected folder and all its parent folders (My Computer only).
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Alt/Left Arrow = Moves backward to a previous view.
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Alt/Right Arrow = Moves forward to a previous view.
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Backspace = View the folder one level up.
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Left Arrow = Collapses the current selection if expanded OR selects the parent folder.
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Num Lock/Minus sign ( - ) = Collapses the selected folder.
- Num Lock/Asterisk (*) = Expands all folders below the current selection.
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Num Lock/Plus sign (+) = Expands the selected folder.
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F6 = Switches between left & right panes.
- Windows Logo/Print Screen = Copies the screen to the Clipboard, including the Mouse cursor.
- Windows Logo/Scroll Lock = Copies screen to Clipboard, without the mouse cursor.
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Windows Logo/Page Up = Toggles Invert Colors.
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Windows Logo/Page Down = Toggles Follow Mouse Cursor.
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Windows Logo/Up Arrow = Increases magnification.
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Windows Logo/Down Arrow = Decreases magnification.
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Esc = Cancels the current task.
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Spacebar = Clicks a button (if the current control is a button) OR selects or clears the checkbox (if the current control is a checkbox) OR clicks the option (if the current control is an option button).
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Alt/Underlined letter = Clicks the corresponding command.
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Enter = Clicks the selected button.
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Shift/Tab = Moves backward through options.
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Ctrl+Shift/Tab = Moves backward through tabs.
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Tab = Moves forward through options.
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Ctrl/Tab = Moves forward through tabs.
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Backspace = Opens a folder one level up if the folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box.
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F4 = Opens "Save In" or "Look In" in the Save As or Open dialog box.
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F5 = Refreshes the Save As or Open dialog box.
Hold down the first key or key combination
while pressing the key following the slash (/). These shortcuts may be consistent throughout the application programs of Microsoft Office. I haven't checked them that far.
Keys That Delete:
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Backspace = Deletes one character at a time, to the left
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Ctrl/Backspace = Deletes one word at a time, to the left
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Delete = Deletes one character at a time to the right
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Ctrl/Delete = Deletes one word at a time to the right
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Ctrl/X = Cut selected text and place it on the clipboard
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Ctrl/Z = Undo the last action (typing, deletion, move, etc.)
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Ctrl/F3 = Cut selected text to the spike. In Word's Help window, Microsoft says that the Spike is a "special AutoText entry that stores multiple items that you have deleted. Microsoft Word appends one item to another until you paste the contents as a group to a new location in your document. You can also use the Office Clipboard to get the same result."
Keys to Copy & Move Items in Your Document:
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Ctrl/C = Copy selected text or graphics.
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Ctrl/C, Ctrl/C (Hold down Ctrl and press C twice) Displays the Clipboard on the Toolbar (can be removed by right clicking the Toolbar and unchecking the box by Clipboard).
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F2 (Then move the insertion point and press Enter) = Moves the selected text or graphics to the new location of the cursor.
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Alt/F3 = Create AutoText (to avoid repetitive typing).
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Ctrl/V = Past the Clipboard contents at the insertion point. These contents can be repeatedly pasted in various locations and programs, until Copy or Cut is used or Windows is Exited.
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Ctrl+Shift/F3 = Paste the accumulated Spike contents at the insertion point & empty the Spike cache. To add a new set of contents to Spike, the contents must be removed. This key combination does that. To insert Spike's contents without emptying it, go to the Insert menu/AutoText. In the Enter AutoText Entries Here box, click Spike, then click Insert. You can also view Spike contents there. You may never use this, so don't worry if you haven't understood the instructions clearly.
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Alt+Shift/R = Copies the header or footer used in the previous section of the document.
Keys That Are Used to Insert Special Characters
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Ctrl/F9 = Insert a field. Used for setting up mail merges and other documents that draw information from a database, or automatically inserts special information such as the current date.
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Enter (after you have typed the first few characters of the AutoText entry name and when the screen tip appears) = Enters the AutoText.
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Shift/Enter = Creates a line break, to start a new line whether or not the current line is filled. This is useful when formatting text that you want to remain on separate lines (ex.: lining up a name and address within a document).
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Ctrl/Hyphen = an optional hyphen (ex.: to break a long word at the end of a line. As text is edited, the entire word may be on the same line. This key combination tells the program to remove the hyphen in such a case.)
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Ctrl+Shift/Hyphen = A nonbreaking hyphen. This is when you want to be sure that the hyphen stays and the entire word must be on one line, even if it requires starting a new line before the current line is completely filled.
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Ctrl+Shift/Spacebar = A non - breaking space. A new line does not start on either side of the space.
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Alt+Ctrl/C = The copyright symbol is inserted at the insertion point.
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Alt+Ctrl/T = The trademark symbol is inserted at the insertion point.
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Alt+Ctrl/period = An ellipsis (...)
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Keys Used to Select Text and/or Graphics
Before we get to the shortcut hotkeys, here are three ways to select text and/or graphics:
1. Click the mouse at the beginning point of the text you wish to select. Again, hold down the left mouse button while you drag the pointer over the text to the end of your selection. You can select forward or backward. OR
2. Establish your insertion point. Hold down the shift key while you press the Arrow key that moves the insertion point in the direction you wish. You can press Page Up or Page down instead of the Arrow key to select larger chunks at a time. OR
3. Establish the insertion point. Hold down the Shift key while you left - click the mouse with its arrow at the end of your desired selection. All the text and graphics between the two points will be selected.
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Shift/Right Arrow = Selects one character at a time to the right.
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Shift/Left Arrow = Selects one character at a time to the left.
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Ctrl+Shift/Right Arrow = Selects from cursor to the end of a word.
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Ctrl+Shift/Left Arrow = Selects from cursor to the beginning of a word.
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Shift/End = Selects from cursor to the end of the line.
- Shift/Home = Selects from cursor to the beginning of the line.
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Shift/Down Arrow = Selects from cursor to one line down.
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Shift/Up Arrow = Selects from cursor to one line up.
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Ctrl+Shift/Down Arrow = Selects from cursor to the end of the paragraph.
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Ctrl+Shift/Up Arrow = Selects from cursor to beginning of the paragraph.
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Shift/Page Down = Selects from cursor to one screen down.
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Shift/Page Up = Selects from cursor to one screen up.
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Ctrl+Shift/Home = Selects everything from cursor to beginning of document.
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Ctrl+Shift/End = Selects everything from cursor to end of document.
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Alt+Ctrl+Shift/Page Down = Selects from cursor to end of a window.
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Ctrl/A = Selects the entire document.
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Ctrl+Shift/F8 and release. Then use Arrow keys to select vertical or horizontal content as desired, without having to select to end of lines. Press Esc to cancel the selection mode.
- F8 and release. Then use Arrow keys to select vertical or horizontal content to a specific place in the document. Press Esc to cancel the selection mode.
Microsoft offers a tip: "If you know the key combination to move the insertion point, you can generally select the text by using the same key combination while holding down SHIFT. For example, CTRL+RIGHT ARROW moves the insertion point to the next word, and CTRL+SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW selects the text from the insertion point to the beginning of the next word."
Keys Used to Select Text and Graphics in a Table
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Tab = Select contents of the next cell.
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Shift/Tab = Select contents of the previous cell.
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Shift/Arrow key repeatedly = Extend a selection to adjacent cells (row or column).
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Click on the top or bottom cell of a column. Then Shift/Down Arrow or Up Arrow repeatedly = Selects a column's cells.
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Ctrl+Shift/F8. Release. Then use the Arrow keys = Extend a selection or block. Press Esc to release the selection mode.
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Shift/F8 = Unselects all of selection made with Ctrl+Shift/F8 but leaves it in the selection mode. Using Arrow keys will select new area. Press Esc to release the selection mode.
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Alt/5 on the numeric pad (with Num Lock off) = Selects an entire table.
Keys Used to Extend a Selection
- F8 = Turns extend mode on (Selection can be extended with arrow keys without holding any key down). Press Esc to release selection mode.
- F8 (after having pressed F8 to turn selection mode on) = Press once to select a word, twice to select a sentence, etc.)
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Shift/F8 = Reduces the selection made by using F8 in the previous statement.
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Esc = Turns extended mode off.
Keys Used to Move the Insertion Point
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Left Arrow = Moves insertion point one character to the left.
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Right Arrow = Moves insertion point one character to the right.
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Ctrl/Left Arrow = Moves insertion point one word to the left.
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Ctrl/Right Arrow = Moves insertion point one word to the right.
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Ctrl/Up Arrow = Moves insertion point one paragraph up.
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Ctrl/Down Arrow = Moves insertion point one paragraph down.
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Shift/Tab = Moves insertion point in a table one cell to the left.
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Tab = Moves insertion point in a table one cell to the right.
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Up Arrow = Moves insertion point up one line.
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Down Arrow = Moves insertion point down one line.
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End = Moves insertion point to end of the line.
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Home = Moves insertion point to beginning of the line.
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Alt+Ctrl/Page Up = Moves insertion point to the top beginning of the window.
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Alt+Ctrl/Page Down = Moves insertion point to bottom end of the window.
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Page Up = Moves insertion up a screen (and scrolls to that screen).
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Page Down = Moves insertion point down a screen (and scrolls to it).
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Ctrl/Page Down = Moves insertion point to top of the next page.
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Ctrl/Page Up = Moves insertion point to top of the previous page.
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Ctrl/End = Move to the end of the document.
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Ctrl/Home = Moves to the beginning of the document.
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Shift/F5 = Moves insertion point to a previous revision.
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Shift/F5 = Moves insertion point to its location when the document was last closed.
Keys Used to Move Around in a Table
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Tab = Moves to the next cell in a row.
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Shift/Tab = Moves to the previous cell in a row.
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Alt/Home = Moves to the first cell in a row.
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Alt/End = Moves to the last cell in a row.
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Alt/Page Up = Moves to the first cell in a column.
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Alt/Page Down = Moves to the last cell in a column.
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Up Arrow = Moves to the previous row.
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Down Arrow = Moves to the next row.
Keys Used to Insert Paragraphs and Tab Characters in a Table
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Enter = To insert a new paragraph in a cell
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Ctrl/Tab = To tab characters in a cell
In trying to find the application that will open a non-associated file, have you sometimes double-clicked on it and then associated that file's extension with a particular application in trying to open it. You intended to associate it for this time only, in case you failed to select a usable program. But you forgot to uncheck the box at "Always use the selected program to open this kind of file." Now, all files with that extension are locked into the selected file association. If internal files necessary to run some programs use this extension, those programs will not work, or they are crippled to some extent. I have made this mistake.
There is a way to disassociate the file extension again, so programs can use it. Here's how to do it in Windows XP. Other versions may vary:
1. Click on Start and select Control Panel.
2. In Control Panel click on "Folder Options".
3. In the Folder Options box, click on the "File Types" tab and scroll down to the file extension you had associated.
4. Highlight (click on) the file extension and click on the Delete button. This is just a list of associated files, so you are not deleting the files with that extension, just disassociating them.
Now, things are back to normal -- at least as far as this file extension is concerned.
What do all those file extensions mean? Have you ever double-clicked on a file to open it, but just got a box with a message asking you which program you want to use to open it? Knowing the program that created the file can simplify things. Also, knowing the type of file (text, image, multimedia, etc.) can help. This is where file extensions come in. A number of extensions are used by many software writers (ex.: .jpg, .gif, .bmp, .dll, .txt, etc.). These identify file types that may be opened with any program designed to recognize those file types. Other extensions are proprietary ones, recognized only by the program that created them, or by programs that have been written to recognize and perhaps convert those file types. But how do you know what program created a particular file type?
Help is available. Several web sites have been created to identify file types for you. Some of the file extensions have multiple possibilities. For that reason when you select a program in response to the "Open file with" message, be sure that the "Always use this program to open this type of file" checkbox is cleared, unless you know you are choosing the right program and that all files of that type will be recognized by that application. Otherwise you will associate the file with the program you choose and may disable other applications on your computer that use it. If you happen to wrongly associate a file, follow the instructions in another article on this page on disassociating a file.
Here are a few of the sites that ID the extensions:
Common Internet File Formats. This site lists common file types on the Internet, along with the icons that identify them. Each program using the file type may have its own icon.
Computer Files IBM compatible files and file extensions. Also "Extension ABCs" and technical support.
File Extensions. Over 15,000 file types, including Windows, OS2, Apple and Unix operating systems. Search lists by clicking on first letter -- or by category. Also file converters. In English, French and German.
FILExt. Here you can select an alphabetical letter to view file extensions beginning with that letter, or enter a file extension to search the site's database.
High-Tech Dictionary. A short explanatory paragraph is given for each file type. There are fewer file types shown here. They are all on one page and therefore no search engine. But you may see a type here that you do not find elsewhere.
KBeta Security Web. Windows common file extensions. Includes hidden files types.
Moviecodec.com. Here are multimedia file types. If you know that the file you are trying to identify is a multimedia type, you may get a more specific ID here.
Stack Technical Services. File Formats and how to deal with them. Also includes icons.
Webopedia Can search by initial letter or view the entire list.
WhatIs. This site claims to list every file format in the world.
Wotsit's Format. This site is directed toward programmers. Select "Full List" in the left panel to see all of the file types. Or, select a category.
It's OK. Even when you are not using your computer, your hard disk may be working. Windows uses that time to perform many tasks, such as moving data from memory to your hard disk and indexing files to improve searching.
Several characters in many languages, and in a few English words, contain a variety of accents. You can easily include foreign characters and accent marks in your documents when needed. There are two ways.
First Way: Use the Windows Character Map (Start/Programs/Accessories/System Tools/Character Map). In the Font drop-down list, select the font you're using. In the Character Map, select the character you need. Double-click the character to add it to the "Characters To Copy" field, then click on "Copy". In your document, place the cursor where you want the character inserted. Hold down the Ctrl key as you press the letter V on the keyboard (Ctrl+V) to paste the letter into your document (or right-click at the cursor and select "Paste"). There are many characters and symbols that can be pasted in this manner.
Second Way: In your Word Document, place the cursor where you want the character inserted. On the Insert menu, select "Symbol". In the Symbol box there are two tabs -- Symbols and Special Characters. Select the tab that meets your need. If you selected the Symbols tab, choose the font you are using (in the Font drop-down menu). Probably your default font will first appear when you open the chart. Select the character you want and click on the Insert button. You can us the scrollbar on the right to reveal more characters.
If you choose the Special Characters tab, just select the character you want and click on "Insert".
There are several ways to change column widths. The method you use may, or may not, affect the overall table width. Here are four ways.
Method 1: This one involves more actions but gives precise control over set widths. On the Table menu, select Properties and then select the "Column" tab. There you can set the widths of each column in inches or a percentage of the table width. The previous/next buttons will take you to the column before or after the one selected.
Method 2. Using the left mouse button, drag the column's border to resize the column as you wish. This will not change the size of the table. To change the size of the table, drag its end to change the length. The row heights will adjust to the content contained in the cells.
Method 3. Hold down the shift key as you drag the column's border. This will also resize the table.
Method 4. Press the Alt key as you drag the column border. This will display the precise column widths in the ruler at the top of the window.
In the past, I have at times tried to open a program or initiate a process but an error message popped up informing me that a particular file was missing or corrupt. More often than not it will be a .dll file. Several programs often use some of the same .dll files. What to do?
First, search for the file on your hard disk (Start/Search). It may be stored in a cabinet folder or elsewhere on your computer.
If the search did not locate the file, try the Windows installation disk or the program's installation disk.
If you still have not located the file, try downloading it from the Internet. You can do a search on Microsoft's website or the program manufacturer's website or do a web search for the file, using its name as the keyword for the search. You also may be able to download the file from one of the following sites:
Edskes File Download
The Guru of 3D, Download section
MinGW - Download
Snap Files
DLL-files.com
Download DLL Files
Star Support -DLL File Downloads
With an Internet search, you may find additional sites. I hope this is helpful.
Sometimes in Windows Explorer, when set to Details View, you cannot see all of the file details because overlapping columns cut off some of the text. Just hold down the Ctrl key as you press the plus (+) key on the keypad. The columns will separate so you can see the text. Of course you can also manually adjust column width and separation by going to the header bar above the file list. Place the mouse pointer in the small vertical depressed lines that separate the columns and drag (hold mouse left key down) the column borders.
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